Genetic engineering and cloning

Genetic engineering and cloning

The process of alteration of the genes that an organism passes to its offspring is called genetic engineering.

It can be used to remove genes that cause hereditary diseases or to insert genes which are capable of resisting diseases or pesticides. In some cases, complete synthetic chromosomes have also been inserted.

Genetic engineering at times may be combined with cloning.

It is the production of individuals which are identical by inserting extra nuclei to the cells.

The cloned organism seem to age faster when compared to organisms which are not cloned.

The first cloned mammal was Dolly the sheep in the year 1996.

Television

Making of an idiot

Television (TV) is a telecommunicating medium for transmitting and receiving moving images that can be black and white or colored, with or without accompanying sound. "Television" may also refer specifically to a TV set, TV programming, or Telecommuniation.

 . The Broadcast television system is typically disseminated via radio transmissions on designated channels in the 54–890 MHz frequency band Signals are now often transmitted with stereo or surround sound in many countries. Until the 2000s broadcast TV programs were generally transmitted as an analog television signal, but in 2008 the USA went almost exclusively digital.A standard television set comprises multiple internal electronic circuits, including those for recieving and decoding broadcast signals. A visual display device which lacks a tuner is properly called a video monitor, rather than a television. A television system may use different technical standards such as digital television (DTV) and high definition television(HDTV). Television systems are also used for surveillance, industrial process control, and guiding of weapons, in places where direct observation is difficult or dangerous

In its early stages of development, television employed a combination of optical, mechanical and electronic technologies to capture, transmit and display a visual image. By the late 1920s, however, those employing only optical and electronic technologies were being explored. All modern television systems relied on the latter, although the knowledge gained from the work on electromechanical systems was crucial in the development of fully electronic television

The first images transmitted electrically were sent by early mechanical fax machines, including the pantelgraph, developed in the late nineteenth century. The concept of electrically powered transmission of television images in motion was first sketched in 1878 as the telephonoscope, shortly after the invention of the telephone. At the time, it was imagined by early science fiction authors, that someday that light could be transmitted over copper wires, as sounds were.

The idea of using scanning to transmit images was put to actual practical use in 1881 in the pantelegraph, through the use of a pendulum-based scanning mechanism. From this period forward, scanning in one form or another has been used in nearly every image transmission technology to date, including television. This is the concept of rasterization, the process of converting a visual image into a stream of electrical pulses.

In 1884 Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, a 23-year-old university student in Germany, patented the first electromechanical television system which employed a scanning device, a spinning disk with a series of holes spiraling toward the center, for rasterization. The holes were spaced at equal angular intervals such that in a single rotation the disk would allow light to pass through each hole and onto a light-sensitive selenium sensor which produced the electrical pulses. As an image was focused on the rotating disk, each hole captured a horizontal "slice" of the whole image

poem on ozone layer

A Poem on Ozone Layer

Refrigerators and air conditioners

As we use today

But nobody knows the truth

It is wrong to use all day

Outside our Earth, outside our world

There is somebody struggling today

For the benefit of tomorrow

It had to pain today

The things we use for our comfort

All these today

 Would pain us tomorrow

Which we ignore today

As the children of Earth we should

Protect Ozone today

Who struggles for our safety

Still protects us today.

Mission Mars - Curious with Curiosity

05.32 GMT, few athletes at the Olympic Village were up, stretching, gearing up mentally and physically focusing on the podium, visualizing their victory and kissing their well deserved medal. 

Across, the pacific, a Team, possibly the best scientists and astronomers had their eyes glued to the flawless landing of the "Curiosity rover" which was lowered by 25 foot long cables from a hovering rocket stage on the Red planet we call - Mars. The media reports that the Curiosity caries the most sophisticated movable laboratory. 

An admirer of Astronomy, through this blog, I Congratulate the entire TEAM behind successful landing of the Curiosity.

 

radioactive decay

Radioactive decay
Radioactive decay is the process by which an atomic nucleus of an unstable atom . It loses energy by emitting ionizing particles. There are different types of radioactive decay. A decay, or loss of energy, results when an atom with one type of nucleus , called the parent "radionuclides" transforms to an atom  with a nucleus in a different state, into a different nucleus containing different number of protons and neutrons.
Either of these products is named daughter nuclide. In some decays the parent and daughters are different chemical elements, and thus, the decay process results in nuclear transmutation.

Universal law for radioactive decay.
Radioactivity is one very frequent example for exponential decay. Thee law describes the statistical behavior of a large number of nuclides , rather than individual ones. In the following formalism, the number of nuclides or nuclide population N, is of course a discrete variable- but for any physical sample N is so large ( amts of
         23
L=10   , Avogadro's constant) that it can be treated as a continuous variable.

Star facts

Star facts
Curium
The element Curium is named after Pierre and Marie Curie. Curium is primarily used for basic scientific research. It is a silvery white radioactive metal. In fact, Curium is so radioactive that it glows purple in the dark.

Nobel prize family
Pierrie and Marie curie won the Nobel prize in 1903. Their eldest daughter Irene Joliot Curie and son in law Fredric Joliot followed their footsteps in radio- chemistry and also received the Nobel prize for chemistry in 1935

Marie curie

Major awards won

• Elliot Cresson medal
• Nobel Prize in Physics
• Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• Davy Medal
• John Scott award

Marie curie

Marie Curie

·      Marie Curie was born in Warsaw, Poland on November 7, 1867.

·       After her brilliant performance, Marie worked as a governess for eight years to support her family.

·      In 1893, she graduated from Sorbonne, Paris.

·      At Sorbonne, Marie met Pierre Curie an eminent physicist, and they got married in 1895.

·      They together announced the discovery of two new radioactive elements, polonium and radium.

·      In 1903 , Marie shared the Nobel prize for physics with Pierre Curie and Henri  Becquerel.

·      After Pierre’s accidential death in 1906, she succeeded him as professor of physics at Sorbonne.

·      In 1911, she was awarded the Nobel prize for chemistry, being the first scientist to get two Nobel prizes.

·      Marie Curie died on July 4 1934, due to illness caused by overexposure to radioactivity.

World Environment Day

World Environment Day: Won the First Prize for Essay Competition organized by CWRDM (Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kunnamangalam, Kozhikode), held in connection with the World Environment Day 2012

Please identify this lepidoptera

Ferrari ...check the leather

http://www.ferrari.com/english/pages/home.aspx

Ferrari Pininfarina

Gadgets...then and....

Tiny bits of info

Tiny bits of information- The Heart

Circulatory system in higher forms of life consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The circulatory system plays the most important role in the transport of vessels throughout the body.

                                 Heart is a completely muscular organ. In man, the position of the heart is behind the sternum in the thoracic cavity, between the lungs, tilted slightly towards the left.Our heart is believed to be as big as our clenched fist.

                                      The adult human heart is approximately 12 centimeters long, 9 centimeters broad and weighs about 300 g. The heart is roughly conical shape with the upper end broader than the lower. A double membrane called pericardium covers the heart. The pericardial fluid that fills the space between the membranes protects the heart and also helps it to function properly