Genetic
engineering and cloning
The process
of alteration of the genes that an organism passes to its offspring is called
genetic engineering.
It can be used
to remove genes that cause hereditary diseases or to insert genes which are
capable of resisting diseases or pesticides. In some cases, complete synthetic
chromosomes have also been inserted.
Genetic
engineering at times may be combined with cloning.
It is the
production of individuals which are identical by inserting extra nuclei to the
cells.
The cloned
organism seem to age faster when compared to organisms which are not cloned.
The first
cloned mammal was Dolly the sheep in the year 1996.
